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UNITED STATESV PATENT oFFIcE..

FRANKLIN H. WOLEVER AND WILLIAM J: PRICE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIG-NORS To IDEAL ROLLER. COMPANY,

wenn.

OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF DELA- ROLLER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 3, 1919.

Application nea Auguste, 191s. seriai No. 248,183.

To all whom ztmay concer/n.: v

Be it known that we, FRANKLIN H. WOLE- VER, citizen of the United States, and WIL- LIAM J. PRICE, subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at Chicago, in thecounty of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Rollers, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, forming a part of this specification.

This invention relates to a roller for` use on all kinds and sizes of printing presses for distributing and carrying the ink for inking type, form or etching; also for use on multigraphs, typewriters, adding machines,. and similar appliances for serving as an impression roller or platen, also on small printing machines, folding machines, and -other appliances-for feeding the paper into the machine or moving it forward, and

for many other useswhere a resilient roller is required, such as spinmng machines,`

clothes-wringers, machines for inking typewriter ribbons, for coating carbonpaper,

etc. 1

The roller einbodyingl our invention em- 'bodies a shaft or" stockv of metal, wood, or

any other desired material, either solidvv or hollow, andA of any desiredcross-seotion, and a cover consisting largely of vulcanized oil of any desired thickness.

Heretofore, most rollers have been made ,of glue softened with glycerin, molasses, or

the like, or .of rubber, leather, or similar material. The roller of this invention is made of vulcanized oil-and is solid orv homogeneous. A novel roller, similar in character to the one which is described and illustrated in this specification, is illustrated f1 .land described in a patent to Franklin. H.

Wolever No. 1,161,7 56, issued November 23, 1915. The roller of the present invention distinguishes and differs from the roller` described in the aforesaid United States patent to Franklin H. Wolever in that the roller of the aforesaid patent consists of a present invention is solid Aor homogeneous throughout.

Heretofore, it has been considered impractical to make a solid or homogeneous roller of vulcanized oil, because of the formation of gas pockets and bubbles in the process of' core and a shell, whereas the roller of the manufacture. The advantages of a solidr roller are well recognized. Because of the severe treatment that rollers of this kind are subjected to, with a two-piece roller such as describedin the ,patent to Wolever hereinbefore referred to, it often occurs that the outer shell becomes loose from the inner core.- This trouble is, obviously, entirely 4eliminated with a solid roller, f

.through the roller,-

Fig. 2 lis a horizontal section taken on the plane represented by the dottedline 1--1 of Fig.. 1, and

Figs. -3 and ,4 illustrate rollers having circumferential surfaces of varying designs.

The'roller of this invention may be made in variousv ways without departing from the scope of this invention. For example, it may be made in the manner outlined in the United States Patent No. 1,161,756 to F. H. Wolever, by lining a mold with wax by centrifugal action, .and then placing the stock or shaftl in position and lling in the roller material. This is the preferred way of making the roller, but instead of employing this method the roller may be made by coating the inner face of Ithe mold with ua thin coating of non-vulcanizing oil, fat, or

wax, or any combination or solution of such or similar material, to prevent the roller material from adhering to the mold. Likewise, the mold may be made in such a manner that it can be taken apart when the roller is cast. Thus, for example, a. split mold 'may be used, or a mold of wax alone, or plaster of Paris may be used, or any other suitable material, and either coated on the inside,as described above, or, in case such coating is not used, the mold may be removed by breaking, melting, or dissolving the mold, or by any other` suitable means.

The materials from which the rollers of lthis invention are made'consist principally of oils vulcanized with sulfur Chlor-id. Any

@ik Awhich can be yviril-.liA

chlorid may be used, Whether of vegetable, animal, or mineral origin. In practice, we generally prefer to use linseed and corn oil.

In order to control the time of vulcanization, we prefer to Iadd to the oil any of the well-known accelerators` retarders. and hardeners for vulcanization, in a manner similar to that used in vulcanizing rubber.

In order to impart desirable qualities to the rollers, we sometimes add inert filling materials to them, as, for example, clay, asbestos, textile fibers of any, kind, etc.

The oils are mixed witha sufficient quantity of sulfurfchlorid so that the desired degree of vulcanization or hardening is reached after a short time. There is su'icient time between mixing and hardening, generally from two to ten minutes, during which time the mixture of oil and sulfur chlorid remains in liquid form to permit the pouring of the mixture into a mold be- "fore it becomes hardened or vulcanized.

IIn casting the rollers we prefer to set up upper end of the stock or shaft. y

material may then be iilled into the mold in a base, which also serves the purpose of centering the stock. A cap is then preferably fitted on the mold, which serves to center the The roller any desirable manner-by pouring it into the mold from above, iowing or pressing it in from below, drawing it in from below by applying a vacuum or a partial vacuum at the top of the mold, or in any other wellknown manner employed for casting liquid material or metal. Ordinarily, the preferred form of filling the roller material into the mold is to flow or press it thereinto from below, thereby greatly diminishing the formation of gas pockets and bubbles and giving a resulting roller which is substantially solid and homogeneous throughout.

After pouring and hardening, the roller is vwithdrawn from the mold in any suitable manner, as hereinbefore described-by melting the mold lining, or by breaking or taking apart or. disassembling the mold proper.

After the roller has ,been taken from the mold it may be trimmed, washed, and, if desired, ground to accurate size.

If desired, the mold may be made with the inside roughened, liuted, or otherwise corrugated so 'as to impart a grained or corrugated surface to the roller, or to impart tol said roller any desired design without subsequent machining. Likewise, the surface of the finished roller may be corrugated, grained vor roughened by' sand blasting, grinding,

milling, or any of the other well-known methods.

The on which is; used in making thefrouep' can be hardened through ,vulcanization It` may be partly-oxidized or vulcanized before mixing it with the final charge of the vulcanizing agent. The vulcanization may be carried out to any desired degree or consistency of the vulcanized material.

The surface of the roller may be toughened, if desired, in various ways. It may be slightly oxidized by exposure to hot air or other oxidizing agents; it may be, further vulcanized by immersion in a weak solution of sulfur chlorid or by dipping it into a bath of melted sulfur, o-r by heating it in magnesium oxid, etc. rlhe roller may also be used asa form' on which to place a covering or tube of different material, for example, rubber tubing.

In the proposed form of roller shown in the drawings 1 represents the stock or shaft of the roller about which the oi'lconstituting the body of the roller is vulcanized; 2 represents the coatin of solid or homogeneous vulcanized oil w ich surrounds the stock or shaft 1 and to which it is firmly secured by t'he vulcanizing action.

Obviously, any other form or shape of roller could be readily made, and, as hereinbefore stated, the circumferential surface of the roller may be molded to assume any desired shape. Thus, Fig. 3 shows the cross'- section of a roller, the exterior surface of which is fluted, as at 3; and Fig. 4 shows an 2. A homogeneous roller made from oil vulcanized'with sulfur chlorid.

3. A roller made from vulcanized oil with a roughened, corrugated, or fluted surface.

4.-. A homogeneous roller made from vulcanized oil with'a toughened and hardened. surface. i

5. A lroller made from oil that is first partly oxidized and then vulcanized.

6. A homogeneous roller made from oil l partly oxidized and partly vulcanized.

In witness whereof, we have hereunto subscribed our names.

I FRANKLIN H. woLEvEn. wiLLiAM J. PRICE. 

